{"id":4271,"date":"2020-10-21T13:37:03","date_gmt":"2020-10-21T11:37:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.agv44.org\/site\/?page_id=4271"},"modified":"2020-11-01T14:41:31","modified_gmt":"2020-11-01T13:41:31","slug":"adn-et-genealogie","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.agv44.org\/site\/adn-et-genealogie\/","title":{"rendered":"ADN et g\u00e9n\u00e9alogie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

ADN et g\u00e9n\u00e9alogie<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Les avanc\u00e9es techniques en mati\u00e8re de s\u00e9quen\u00e7age de l’ADN des \u00eatres vivants ouvrent des possibilit\u00e9s quant \u00e0 la connaissance des liens de parent\u00e9 qu’ils ont entre eux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toutes les techniques ne sont pas \u00e9quivalentes et certaines n’exercent leur pertinence que dans les \u00e9tudes statistiques des populations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D’autres proposent un s\u00e9quen\u00e7age pr\u00e9cis des ADN, mais le brassage des g\u00e8nes (voir ci-dessous) limite la fiabilit\u00e9 de leurs r\u00e9sultats. Eh oui! Les populations sont vari\u00e9es, c’est l\u00e0 leur richesse et la garantie de leur persistance au cours de l’\u00e9volution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rappelons que ces pratiques ne sont pas autoris\u00e9es en France pour des raisons autres que m\u00e9dicales ou scientifiques et sous le regard de la justice lors des enqu\u00eates polici\u00e8res.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Et l’ADN c’est quoi ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Imaginez dans chacune de vos 30 000 milliards de cellules 46 fins et longs rubans qui portent de petites phrases chimiques \u00e9crites avec seulement 4 lettres, A, C, T, G. Un m\u00e8tre au total dans chaque cellule !!
Ces rubans sont les constituants essentiels de vos chromosomes, 23 viennent de papa et 23 de maman, et leur composant principal s’appelle acide d\u00e9soxyribonucl\u00ebique, ADN pour les intimes.
Les phrases (mais pas toutes) de ces rubans servent de programme et d\u00e9terminent vos caract\u00e9ristiques physiques (mais pas toutes), on les appelle g\u00e8nes (il y en a 28 000) et donc la moiti\u00e9 de ces g\u00e8nes vient de papa et l’autre de maman.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Il y a tout ce qu’il faut dans votre cuisine pour extraire l’ADN d’un \u00eatre vivant, donc le v\u00f4tre, et le voir sous forme d’un amas de fins filaments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Voici un site qui vous propose la manip !<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C’est au cours de la reproduction que les parents, par leurs spermatozo\u00efdes ou leurs ovules, vont transmettre la moiti\u00e9 de leur ADN et donc la moiti\u00e9 de ces g\u00e8nes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si les enfants re\u00e7oivent la moiti\u00e9 (50%) de l’ADN de chacun de leurs parents, les petits-enfants n’auront en h\u00e9ritage que le 1\/4 (25%) de l’ADN de ces m\u00eames personnes et les arri\u00e8res-petits-enfants que le 1\/8 (12,5%) et ainsi de suite\u2026logique\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mais attention!!! \u00c7a se complique, si les enfants re\u00e7oivent 50% des g\u00e8nes de leurs parents, ce ne sont pas les m\u00eames 50% pour tous les enfants, sinon ils seraient jumeaux. C’est aussi pour cela que la population montre une telle diversit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

L’id\u00e9e des recherches g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques, en mati\u00e8re de g\u00e9n\u00e9alogie, est donc de comparer l’ADN des cellules d’une personne \u00e0 celui d’autres personnes pour en d\u00e9duire leur parent\u00e9 possible, voire d\u00e9terminer leur origine g\u00e9ographique potentielle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le brassage des g\u00e8nes est tel qu’\u00e0 la 10\u00e8me g\u00e9n\u00e9ration les g\u00e8nes en commun ne sont que de 0,1% (1 divis\u00e9 par 1024) !! <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cela relativise les espoirs qu’on met en ces techniques qui sont par ailleurs \u00e0 l’origine de d\u00e9couvertes sensationnelles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

JYG<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ADN et g\u00e9n\u00e9alogie Les avanc\u00e9es techniques en mati\u00e8re de s\u00e9quen\u00e7age de l’ADN des \u00eatres vivants ouvrent des possibilit\u00e9s quant \u00e0 la connaissance des liens de parent\u00e9 qu’ils ont entre eux. Toutes les techniques ne sont pas \u00e9quivalentes et certaines n’exercent leur pertinence que dans les \u00e9tudes statistiques des populations. D’autres proposent un s\u00e9quen\u00e7age pr\u00e9cis des […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":86,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4271","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","post-preview"],"yoast_head":"\nADN et g\u00e9n\u00e9alogie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"ADN et g\u00e9n\u00e9alogie Les avanc\u00e9es techniques en mati\u00e8re de s\u00e9quen\u00e7age de l'ADN des \u00eatres vivants ouvrent des possibilit\u00e9s quant \u00e0 la connaissance des liens\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.agv44.org\/site\/adn-et-genealogie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ADN et g\u00e9n\u00e9alogie\" 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